Modeling Damage Information for the Operation Phase of Bridges

Produktbeschreibung

Bridges are prone to a high level of deterioration because of their frequent and heavy load. To ensure traffic and structural safety as well as durability, bridges are inspected frequently. Registering condition states, performing assessment, and preparing data for maintenance tasks are time consuming and error prone because of primarily paper-based workflows and manual copy-pasting. An improvement in digitizing bridge condition data could decrease the demand of manual work and helps to lower financial efforts for these tasks; therefore, makes inspection, maintenance, and repair more attractive.
This dissertation aims to provide a data model that extends the known principle of Building Information Modeling to the operations phase of bridges. Damage information, such as geometries or photos, may be included in existing building models with this approach. Based on that, engineers are enabled to assess bridges based on comprehensive building models instead of analog reports.

Contents
Glossary VII
Acronyms X
Abstract XII
1 Introduction 1
2 State of Practice and State of the Art 5
2.1 Building Information Modeling and Digital Twin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Bridge Condition Data Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.1 Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.2 Non-Destructive Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2.3 Sensor-based Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.3 Bridge Condition Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.4 Damage Data Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.5 Existing Data Definitions and Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.6 Summary and Research Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3 Object-oriented Modeling of a DIM 35
3.1 Inspection and Assessment Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.1.1 Use Cases in Current Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.1.2 Use Cases from State of the Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.2 Data and Literature Analysis for Model Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3 Object-Oriented Modeling of the DIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.3.1 Semantic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.3.2 Geometric-semantic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
V3.3.3 Defect Geometries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.3.4 Synergized Damage Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4 Object-oriented Implementation of a DIM 62
4.1 Object-oriented Implementation of the DIM based on IFC . . . . . . . . . 62
4.1.1 IFC Classes for Semantic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.1.2 IFC Classes for Geometry Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4.1.3 IFC Classes for Geometric-semantic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.2 IFC Software Verification and Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.2.1 Verification of Semantic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.2.2 Verification Texture Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4.2.3 Verification of Geometry Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4.2.4 Extension of xBIM Xplorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4.2.5 Comparing Test Results to Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
5 Experimental Results 91
5.1 Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.2 Information Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
5.3 Implementation and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
5.3.1 Implementation using IFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
5.3.2 Implementation of Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
5.4 Proof of Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
5.4.1 Semi-Automatic Damage Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
5.4.2 Inspection Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
5.4.3 Structural Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
6 Summary and Outlook 122
List of References 126
Ehrenwörtliche Erklärung 146

Hinweis:
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Keywords: Building Information Modeling, BIM, Digital Twin, Brücken, Inspektion, Prüfung, Wartung, Instandhaltung, Schäden, Building Information Modeling, Digital Twin, Bridge, Inspection, Maintenance, Operations, Damage, Assessment, BIM